1、 At present, the standard components on the market mainly include carbon steel (including Yiche Steel), stainless steel (including Yiche Stainless Steel), and copper (including quick cut copper).

（1） Carbon steel. We distinguish low carbon steel, medium carbon steel, high carbon steel, and alloy steel based on the carbon content in the carbon steel material.  

1. Low carbon steel with a C% ≤ 0.25% is commonly referred to as A3 steel in China. Abroad, it is commonly referred to as 1008101510181022, etc. Mainly used for products without hardness requirements such as grade 4.8 bolts, grade 4 nuts, and small screws. (Note: Drill tail nails are mainly made of 1022 material.)

2. Medium carbon steel 0.25%

3、 The influence of various elements in materials on the properties of steel:

1. Carbon (C): improves the strength of steel parts, especially their heat treatment performance, but with the increase of carbon content, plasticity and toughness decrease, and it will affect the cold heading performance and welding performance of steel parts.

2. Manganese (Mn): enhances the strength of steel components and to some extent improves their hardenability. During quenching, the strength of hardened infiltration is increased, and manganese can also improve surface quality. However, too much manganese is detrimental to ductility and weldability. And it will affect the control of the plating layer during electroplating.

3. Nickel (Ni): improves the strength of steel parts, enhances toughness at low temperatures, improves resistance to atmospheric corrosion, and ensures stable heat treatment effects, reducing the effect of hydrogen embrittlement.

4. Chromium (Cr): can improve hardenability, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and maintain strength at high temperatures.

5. Molybdenum (Mo): It can help control hardenability, reduce the sensitivity of steel to temper brittleness, and have a significant impact on improving tensile strength at high temperatures.

6. Boron (B): can improve hardenability and help induce the expected reaction of low carbon steel to heat treatment.

7. Alum (V): Refine austenite grains and improve toughness.

8. Silicon (Si): Ensuring the strength of steel components, appropriate content can improve the plasticity and toughness of steel components.

4、 Introduction to the Characteristics of Stainless Steel Materials (304, 316)

（1） These three materials are all 300 series austenitic stainless steel, with the following chemical composition:

2） The relationship between the main chemical components and the properties of stainless steel.

1. Carbon C can increase hardness and strength, while excessive content can reduce its ductility and corrosion resistance

2. Chromium Cr can increase corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, refine grain size, increase strength, hardness, and wear resistance

3. Nickel Ni can increase high-temperature strength, corrosion resistance, and reduce the rate of cold work hardening

4. Molybdenum Mo increases strength and has excellent corrosion resistance to oxides and seawater

5. Copper Cu is conducive to cold working forming and reduces magnetism